Cyber Security Researcher - OSCEยณ Personal Account

Dhahran
Joined January 2013
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Replying to @buhaimedi
ุชุญูˆู‘ู„ ู„ู…ูƒุงู† ูƒู„ู‡ ู‚ุตุต ูุงุฑุบุฉ ู…ู„ูŠุฆู‡ ุจุงู„ุฎูŠุงู„ ูˆูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุฏูู‡ุง ุฌุฐุจ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุฃูˆ ุงุณุชุนุทุงู ุงู„ู†ุงุณ.
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Replying to @barcodevsf
Not really about the game starting. A regular user shouldnโ€™t be able to control which kernel driver the anti-cheat service loads. Thatโ€™s the real problem.
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7/7 This finding illustrates the distinction between verifying who signed a driver and verifying which driver a privileged service should load. Iโ€™m sharing the implementation and reproduction details for other researchers to examine. PoC: github.com/oh-az/EAC_rollbacโ€ฆ
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6/7 Where this leads next is still an open research question. Exploring further impact requires a deeper understanding of how the older drivers initialize, interact with the current service, and which functionality remains accessible after loading.
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5/7 The result is signed-driver rollback without administrator privileges, using EACโ€™s own trusted service as the loader. This can reintroduce older kernel attack surface. Further privilege escalation would depend on an exploitable vulnerability in an accepted driver.
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4/7 The service validates the signature and publisher but does not enforce an expected or minimum version. Together, these weaknesses allow substituted older drivers to be accepted, written to the protected driver path in Program Files, and loaded into the kernel.
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3/7 The driver data is encoded using a custom reversible byte transformation. I reconstructed this transformation to supply older, legitimately signed EAC binaries in the expected format. The encoding does not authenticate the binary or the process supplying it.
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2/7 While reversing EACโ€™s initialization protocol, I found that the shared-memory channel carrying driver data was writable by a standard user. The SYSTEM service consumes this data without authenticating its source, allowing an unprivileged process to substitute the binary.
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1/7 After months of research, I found a logic flaw in EasyAntiCheat: a standard user can control which older signed EAC driver its SYSTEM service loads into the kernel. Reported almost a year ago, rejected, and still reproducible. Demo: 2022 and legacy 2017 drivers loaded and running.
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Replying to @Salsa12__
Cool to know the password goes through CredProvDataModel's WinRT layer now. unsigned DLLs still load into logonui by design, windows being windows..
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ุงู„ุญู…ุฏู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ุฌุฒุช ุดู‡ุงุฏุฉ OSCEยณ ู…ู† @offsectraining ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฃุตุนุจ ุงู„ุดู‡ุงุฏุงุช ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุฃู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู…ูŠุŒ ุชุดู…ู„: OSWE โ€“ OSED โ€“ OSEP ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ู…ู„ูŠุฆุฉ ุจุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุงุช ุงู„ุชู‚ู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„ ุงู„ุนู…ูŠู‚ุฉ ูุฎูˆุฑ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌุงุฒ #osce3
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ู‡ู†ุง ุณูˆูŠุช ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุญู„ูˆู‡ ุจุฃู† ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุฎู„ูŠุชู‡ ููŠ ูู„ุงุด ูˆุฎู„ูŠุช ุงู„ุงูŠู‚ูˆู†ู‡ ุงู„ุฎุงุตู‡ ููŠู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ pdf ูƒุฐุจูŠู‡ ุŒ ูˆุณู…ูŠุช ุงู„ู…ู„ู test.pdf.library-ms ูˆู„ูƒู† ู…ุซู„ ู…ุงุฐูƒุฑุช ุณุงุจู‚ุงู‹ ุงู† explorer.exe ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฎููŠ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏ ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ูƒู†ุง ู…ูุนู„ูŠู† ุงุธู‡ุงุฑ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏุงุช .. ู ุจูƒุฐุง ุงูˆู„ ู…ุง ู†ูุชุญ ุงู„ูู„ุงุด ุฑุงุญ ุชุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุฏู‚ู‡ ู…ู† explorer ู†ูุณู‡ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุณุญุจ ุงู„ุงูŠู‚ูˆู†ู‡ ุจุฏูˆู† ุงูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…:
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ู ุจูƒุฐุง ุงูˆู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ูŠุชู… ูุชุญู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุŒ explorer.exe ุจู†ูุณู‡ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุฏูˆุฑ ู…ู„ู ุงู„ุงูŠู‚ูˆู†ู‡ ูˆุฑุงุญ ูŠุณูˆูŠ ู…ุตุงุฏู‚ู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฎุงุฏู… ุงู„ุฎุงุต ููŠู†ุง (ูŠุฑุณู„ ุงู„ู‡ุงุด) ูˆูŠุงุฎุฐ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑู‡ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจู‡ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠู‚ูˆู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ู.
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุงู„ุถุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ูˆ ู…ู„ู ู…ู† ู†ูˆุน library ูˆุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏู‡: .library-ms ุงู„ู…ู…ูŠุฒ ููŠ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู…ู„ู ู‡ุฐุง ุงู† Explorer.exe ุจู†ูุณู‡ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฎููŠ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ูุนู‘ู„ุช ุฎุงุตูŠุฉ ุนุฑุถ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏุงุช ุŒ ู ู‡ุฐูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุชููŠุฏู†ุง ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุจุฃู† ู†ุฎููŠ ุงู„ู…ู„ู ูˆู†ุฎู„ูŠ ุดูƒู„ู‡ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ.
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ุงู„ุชูƒู†ูŠูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจ Authentication Coercion ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฅุฌุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุฌุฑุงุก ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุฏู‚ู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฎุงุฏู… ุฏูˆู† ุนู„ู…ู‡ ุฃูˆ ุฏูˆู† ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุชู†ุดูŠุท ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ุจู†ูุณู‡.
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ูˆุงุฐุง ุงุฎุฐู†ุง ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุŒ ููŠ ุนุฏุฉ ุทุฑู‚ ู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุณุชููŠุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ ุณูˆุงุก ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงุณุชุบู„ุงู„ู‡ ููŠ ู‡ุฌู…ุฉ NTLM-Relay ุงูˆ ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ููƒู‘ู‡ ู…ุจุงุดุฑู‡ ูˆุงุฎุฐ ุงู„ุจุงุณูˆุฑุฏ ุงู„ุฎุงุตู‡ ุจุงู„ูŠูˆุฒุฑ ุจ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… john ุงูˆ hashcat ู…ุซู„ ู…ุงู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุถุญ ุจุงู„ุตูˆุฑู‡:
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ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู† ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุงู„ุถุงุฑ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุชู… ุชุดุบูŠู„ู‡ (Executed) ุนุดุงู† ูŠุณุจุจ ุงู„ุถุฑุฑ ุงู„ุฎุงุต ููŠู‡ , ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุจูˆุฑูŠูƒู… ูˆุจุดุฑุญ ูƒูŠู ู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุณุชุบู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุนู…ู„ ุงู„Windows ูˆูƒูŠู ู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุณุฑู‚ ุงู„ู‡ุงุด (NTLMv2) ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ูŠูˆุฒุฑ ูู‚ุท ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ูุชุญู‡ ู„ู„ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ุงูˆ ุชุญู…ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุจุฏูˆู† ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงูŠ ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ .. ู…ุซู„ ู…ุงู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุถุญ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุทุน:
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Replying to @jjone_703
Option 1: Compile the dll and inject it to a live cmd instance, cmd has to be running prior to injecting .. (You can either create an injector to do this part or you can do it manually in ProcessHacker) Option 2: Just download the exe that will launch cmd and inject NoArgs for you (ready-to-go) from here: github.com/oh-az/NoArgs/releโ€ฆ
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