Break down: Two throwers from the lab this summer. Both sat 93.4. One has the highest graded arm action of anyone we saw hit 92+, worth +3.1 mph of expected velo from the arm action alone. The other graded 16th percentile, worth -2.2. A 5.3 mph spread in what the arm contributes, and it shows up nowhere in the pitch speed. TOP: middle out Everything close to his center is elite, and it falls apart at the ends. Elite drift into leg lift (97th), good hip to shoulder separation at landing (78th), then he closes it fast (98th max torso rotational velo). The arm action does the opposite: not much layback (28th max shoulder ER), and what he creates doesn't convert into speed (14th max shoulder IR velo). Cleaning that up is a big part of our focus going forward, but the fix isn't isolated to the arm. Problems late in the sequence usually start earlier. Look at the lead leg block: knee extension from foot plant to release 13th, knee extension velo at release 19th. Our read is the front side isn't stable enough for the momentum he's generating, and it's hard to pull the arm through the positions we want without a firm base to rotate against. BOTTOM: the opposite problem The arm is the engine. 96th percentile layback, 91st arm speed out of it. And the front leg does what the top guy's doesn't, 97th lead knee extension velo at release. He plants, braces, the arm pulls through. What's holding him back is the trunk: 18th max torso rotational velo, and torso forward tilt at MER in the 2nd percentile, so he's bent toward the plate before the arm gets there. The top guy moves more energy down his arm and his elbow takes less stress for every unit of it. The bottom guy moves less energy, turns more of it into ball speed, and accrues more elbow torque per unit.

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