Norman C Grosman Professor of Economics, University of Pennsylvania. Co-Founder of VoxChina @voxchina2017. My tweets are my own.

Philadelphia, PA
Joined November 2023
New research shows that cities in China whose mayors compete more closely for promotion do less business with each other. Local SOE investment aligns with the political interests of mayors. When mayors don’t compete, the effect disappears. Read the brief: sccei.fsi.stanford.edu/china…
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Hanming Fang retweeted
Dear President Kornbluth and Chairman Gorenberg, Yesterday, as I am sure you are aware, a Boston jury unanimously found that @MIT professor Kristin Knouse defamed David Sabatini, falsely accused him of rape and sexual harassment, and tortuously interfered with his contractual arrangements including his tenure at MIT. MIT and its tenure review committee relied on Professor Knouse’s statements when it took away David’s tenure and terminated him. MIT's policies explicitly prohibit harassment, retaliation, and fabrication of claims. Falsely accusing a colleague of rape and sexual harassment and pushing for his termination under false pretenses are clearly violations of MIT policy. In light of the unanimous findings of the jury after five years of discovery, many legal motions and countermotions by both parties, and a three-week trial in Suffolk County Superior Court in Boston: Is MIT going to take away Knouse’s tenure and terminate her? If not, why not? Is MIT going to restore David’s tenure, and apologize for firing him? If not, why not? In light of what has transpired in this grave miscarriage of justice, MIT has the opportunity and the obligation to right a serious wrong here. At a minimum, the public deserves transparency into what actions MIT is taking in this case as taxpayers are major funders of MIT. Sincerely, Bill Ackman
A civil jury ruled in favor of ex-MIT scientist David Sabatini, who was accused by a younger colleague of inappropriate sexual conduct in his Cambridge research lab, and awarded him $6 million in damages. trib.al/s3v9VIX
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Nice summary of my JPubE paper by SCCEI! Local protectionism driven by career incentives of local politicians due to the promotion tournament.
📢 ‼️New SCCEI China Brief‼️ 📢 In China, competition for promotion among local officials exacerbates misallocation and fragments China’s domestic market. Read the brief: sccei.fsi.stanford.edu/china…
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Hanming Fang retweeted
The narrative is blame China and trade, and it’s mostly wrong. The general point is that areas relatively more exposed to negative demand shocks saw more job losses and had a hard time adjusting or did not adjust at all. The China Shock lit is based on a clever way to identify a particular type of negative demand shock (import competition). It only shows areas more exposed lost more jobs relative to less exposed regions. It cannot credibly produce a general equilibrium total job loss number. What we learned is adjustment to those shocks is hard. What politicians heard is only China Shock bad, must reverse China Shock. It’s a rhetorical question but there were 2 million manufacturing jobs lost during Great Recession, what are doing about that? It appears to be, almost nothing, because there is no clever ID strategy.
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Reposting a WSJ op-ed with Jim Heckman on the “China Shock” study published in May 2025. Academic economists used to be more carefully qualifying their research findings. wsj.com/opinion/the-real-sto…
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Hanming Fang retweeted
I also see the "China shock" literature as an example of how economists do a lot of economic history, just badly.
The "China shock" narrative illustrates why the lack of debate is a problem in economics. Autor et al. published a series of articles that have since been falsified by subsequent research. However, few realize this, which means the articles persist, like zombies. 1/8
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Market sales price in property rights uncertainty but rental rates do not; limited property rights houses show more price volatility and turnovers-signs of more speculation-relative to matched full property rights houses.
Studying how property rights uncertainty affects prices and speculative activities in the housing markets using a natural comparison of full and limited property houses in Shenzhen, from @HanmingF, Jing Wu, and Vincent Yao nber.org/papers/w35797
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Hanming Fang retweeted
Studying how property rights uncertainty affects prices and speculative activities in the housing markets using a natural comparison of full and limited property houses in Shenzhen, from @HanmingF, Jing Wu, and Vincent Yao nber.org/papers/w35797
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Asset privatization as intergenerational redistribution instrument has the automatic stabilizer property, while pension based redistribution faces downward rigidity when growth slows down and population ages…
Subsidized access to appreciating public assets in rapidly growing economies can serve as a powerful instrument for intergenerational redistribution, from Kaiji Chen, @HanmingF, and Yang Tang nber.org/papers/w35754
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Pleased to receive the proofs for my forthcoming Cambridge Element titled “Addressing Population Ageing in China: Public Policy and Institutional Innovations”. It summarizes my understanding of the Chinese ageing issues and possible solutions. Links will be posted here later here
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Why it is so important to get to the bottom of how this tragedy could have happened in such a great university… Besides Keynes, Cambridge economics was the intellectual home for Alfred Marshall, AC Pigou, Frank Ramsey, Joan Robinson, Frank Hahn, James Meade, Sen, Dasgupta, etc.
The University of Cambridge can boast 126 Nobel Prizes. That’s more than any other university in the world except Harvard, and it does it on an endowment that is one twentieth the endowment of Harvard. In the Nobel ranking, Cambridge beats MIT, Chicago, Columbia, Oxford, and Yale (in that order). Cambridge, the university of Newton, Hawking, Russell, Wittgenstein, Moore, Keynes, Crick, Sanger, Kendrew, Perutz, Rutherford, Chadwick, Turing, Maxwell, Brenner, the list goes on and on, Cambridge is beyond question one of the very greatest universities in the world. The list of immense distinction continues to the present day. It is tragic, and deeply unfair, that the reputation of this truly great university should suffer at the hands one unfortunate anomaly, the Department of Education.
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I agree with every word you say. I have to say that, on my just concluded sabbatical at Cambridge, I met amazing first rate scholars in evolutionary ecology, in climate science, in dense material physics, in Chinese history, etc. What just transpired is shocking to me.
I strongly believe that knowledge is fundamental to running a society. We need economists who understand monetary policy in central banks. We need researchers who have studied history, strategy, and military affairs to help steer national defense. We need doctors and public health experts to design effective responses to epidemics. But the public needs sound reasons to let these experts shape their future. Once that trust evaporates, we are all worse off. Unfortunately, the Jason Arday scandal is the perfect example of how these experts, and the institutions they run, are destroying that trust. I do not find Arday’s tales extraordinary. Throughout history, there are thousands of examples of people spinning fantastic tales about their lives. He is just one more name on a long list of confidence men. What is extraordinary is the massive institutional failure at every level. Liverpool John Moores University granting a degree for a Ph.D. dissertation that did not survive even basic scrutiny (including a grammatical mistake in its title). Cambridge University appointing him (full) professor at an unusually early academic age (eight years after his dissertation; in academia, this is what matters, not your biological age) and with a scholarly record that was rather thin. Hilary Cremin (@hilarycremin), head of the Faculty of Education, telling the world on television that Arday was “the best in the world in terms of the research that you do.” The BBC broadcasting segments about Arday, a most unusual decision for an academic appointment. Simon & Schuster paying him a large advance for his memoirs on the basis of a book proposal that defied common sense. And Amazon promoting his book, still this very morning, as an editor’s pick. If I were a regular person, say someone driving a truck in the Midlands or working at a small shop in Sussex, how could I trust the universities any longer? How could I trust the BBC and the media? How could I trust the publishing industry? How could I trust Amazon’s editor’s picks? Then, should we be surprised if the farmer or the shop owner votes for someone selling snake oil? Or if they refuse to listen to the case for policies that cost them in the short run but benefit them in the long run, such as the transition to net zero emissions? Or if they read books written by charlatans? Or if they deny basic scientific findings? The universities, the media, the publishing industry, Amazon, and many of our other core knowledge institutions have a serious problem. Their response is to close ranks and avoid a serious discussion. No, sorry, this will not do. The Jason Arday scandal should be a moment of reckoning. Unfortunately, I am afraid it will not be.
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My Cambridge Element titled “Addressing Population Ageing in China: Public Policy and Institutional Innovations” has entered the production process. Will be open access the first two weeks when it comes out. Link will be posted here. Please DM me if you like an early view.
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Anyone with any understanding of economics knows how this will end. Average net profit margin in grocery business ranges between 1 to 3%; the gross profit (before deducting operating cost, shrinkage/spoilage etc) margin is between 20-25%.
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Hanming Fang retweeted
Arguing that the “Confucian Fertility Paradox” dissolves once two strands of the tradition are separated and recognize that modernization affected them very differently, from @HanmingF and Chang Liu nber.org/papers/w35532
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In new working paper, we ask why East Asian countries, China, Japan and Korea, now have the lowest total fertility rate, despite the fact that the Confucian heritage long placed extraordinary emphasis on large families, i.e. Confucian Fertility Paradox. nber.org/system/files/workin…
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Under such an approach, students who score above a specified threshold on the college entrance examination would enter a lottery for admission to the top-tier institutions for which competition is most intense. 9/n
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If threshold were set high enough to ensure that admitted students could succeed academically, but not so high that students + their parents felt compelled to organize their lives around the examination, the system could substantially weaken the educational “arms race.” 10/n=10
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