"The ordinary value judgement of history is in the habit of demanding the immediate and complete victory of one element. It cannot stand variety. Clerics of all denominations, fanatics of all denominations and non-denominations, popular philosophers, dynasts, and radical politicians who in history cannot stand the sight of rival forces and their fights demands one thing, completely and immediately, too, although this would make the world dead and colourless until those concerned killed one another out of sheer boredom or produced a new conflict. For it is an illusion to expect lasting contentment with any victory, something for which man lacks the organ anyway." - Jacob Burckhardt, Judgements on History and Historians Koselleck discusses this at length, as does Kondylis in his interview with Marin Terpstra. Scipio Africanus the Younger wept at the destruction of Carthage, recognising that Rome, too, would one day fall. There is an important lesson here for all victors: one can meet victory with either humility or arrogance. Victory never marks the end of human striving. Even when it exhausts the energies of the victorious group, other groups, both within the social body and beyond it, retain their own vitality, interests, enmities, needs, and aspirations, all of which may eventually come into conflict with the new order established by the victor. All political victories are temporary; history never truly ends. Ideologies and articles of faith that mistake their own triumph for the inevitable culmination of human progress are therefore bound to encounter disappointment, if not despair.

This week students read Palacký and Štúr.

Patriotism is based on love. Nationalism is based on envy and resentment.

JUST IN: Percentage of Americans who view a college education as “very important” crashes to a record low 30%, down from 70% in 2013.

We let the views speak. 👀🤐 #ILLINOIS was named the No. 1 most beautiful college campus in the U.S. by SIXT. It’s safe to say we all agree. 🔸🔹