Anthony M. Hopper

What?! 🤯 In the future, all surgeries will be performed by robots with AI agents! They will be much more precise and safe. Human surgeons may still be in the loop for some time, though. “Last night an AI agent performed brain surgery on a mouse. We gave it 19 gene therapy vectors in a spreadsheet, a mouse model of epilepsy, access to a motorized surgery rig with cameras, and one goal: reduce seizures.”

Humanity’s Last Great Invention: The Beginning of Everything Else I went all in on AI several years ago, based on a simple first-principles thinking and a profound realization: virtually everything humanity has ever created, from our technologies and scientific discoveries to our industries, institutions, & the entire global economy, is ultimately the product of human intelligence. Think about it. Every invention, every factory, every medical breakthrough, every business, and every technological advancement began with human minds figuring out how to understand, manipulate, and transform the world around us. Intelligence is the fundamental engine behind civilization & economic progress. Now imagine new super intelligence that surpasses human intelligence across virtually every domain, can be replicated millions or billions of times at a fraction of the cost of human labor, operates continuously at millions of times faster than us, and improves its own capabilities. Then combine that intelligence with increasingly capable billions of robots that can perform every imaginable physical work. The civilizational implications are almost unimaginable! For the first time in history, intelligence itself will become an abundant, rapidly expanding resource. Scientific discovery, engineering, manufacturing, medicine, agriculture, and virtually every other industry will advance at rates previously impossible. AI will increasingly design better technologies, improve production processes, and accelerate further AI development, creating powerful feedback loops of innovation & economic growth. My prediction is that within the next few decades, AI systems & robots will perform more than 90% of all economically productive work, measured in human-equivalent labor hours. This means that the overwhelming majority of tasks required to produce goods & services will eventually be performed autonomously, with humans increasingly determining goals, priorities, & how the resulting abundance is used. And here is the crucial economic implication: the global economy would not simply be today’s economy with fewer human workers. It would become an economy several times, potentially even orders of magnitude, larger in real terms, at the level of quadrillions of $ value as AI dramatically expands our capacity to discover, invent, build, and produce. Of course, intelligence alone cannot eliminate physical constraints such as energy, materials, and infrastructure. But increasingly intelligent AI will also greatly help us overcome many of these bottlenecks through better engineering, automation, and scientific breakthroughs. We have spent thousands of years building civilization with the limited intelligence and labor of human beings. We are now approaching an era in which both intelligence & physical labor could become massively scalable. That changes the fundamental economics of civilization itself. And we are only at the very beginning of what will become the greatest economic, scientific, and technological transformation in human history. My message to everyone is simple: Do not underestimate what is coming, it’s much larger than even most optimistic projections, and do not remain a passive observer of this greatest transformation in human history. If you are a scientist, use AI to accelerate discovery. If you are an entrepreneur, build companies that solve problems previously considered impossible. If you are an educator, prepare the next generation for a world of abundant intelligence. If you are a student or professional, start mastering these tools today and go all in on abundant intelligence. And if you are shaping public policy, help create the conditions for this extraordinary new productive capacity to benefit humanity as widely as possible. We have an unprecedented opportunity to accelerate the discovery of cures for diseases, extend healthy human lifespans to hundreds of years, eliminate much of the scarcity that has constrained civilization, expand access to education and opportunity, and unlock entirely new frontiers of human creativity and exploration So my call to action is this: Go all in on understanding AI. Learn it. Use it. Build with it. Rethink every assumption about what is possible in your field. And most importantly, help shape the future you want humanity to experience. The next few decades could accomplish more than all of human history combined. We are not merely witnessing the next technological revolution. We have the opportunity to help build an entirely new era of civilization. The future is being created right now. Don’t just watch it happen. Be one of the people who builds it!

Why I believe AI / SI will unlock cures for every Cancer within the next five to ten years ears - PART 1: For decades, cancer researchers have confronted a seemingly impossible problem: the biological complexity of cancer is so enormous that no individual scientist, research team, or even the entire scientific community can systematically explore all possible therapeutic solutions. Consider what happens inside a single tumor. Thousands of genes, proteins, metabolites, and signaling pathways interact across millions or billions of cells. Then cancer cells constantly evolve, acquiring mutations, adapting to their environments, escaping immune surveillance, and developing resistance to treatments. Their behavior is further influenced by surrounding immune cells, blood vessels, fibroblasts, and the metabolic conditions within the tumor. And every patient's cancer is different. This creates an astronomical number of possible biological states and therapeutic interventions. Even when scientists identify a promising molecular target, they must determine whether interfering with it will actually kill the cancer, whether healthy tissues depend on the same mechanism, and whether the tumor will eventually escape. Historically, we’ve approached this problem through relatively very slow cycles of hypothesis generation, experimentation, and clinical testing. We investigate a limited number of targets, screen a fraction of possible compounds, and spend years determining whether a treatment works. Now imagine what happens when the intelligence available to solve these problems increases exponentially. I believe the next five to ten years will bring superintelligence systems whose scientific reasoning, computational modeling, and experimental capabilities will vastly exceed those of today's best researchers put together! The implications for cancer research will be profound. Here is the part 1 of how this can be achieved: Virtual cells: One of the most exciting developments will be the emergence of virtual cells, or computational models designed to predict how living cells behave and respond to interventions Imagine an AI system that can represent a cancer cell's molecular machinery, including its genetic mutations, gene expression, protein interactions, metabolism, and signaling networks. Instead of testing one drug at a time, scientists could ask the model what would happen if they inhibited a particular protein, activated a specific immune pathway, edited a gene, or administered several treatments simultaneously. Now extend that capability to millions of virtual cancer cells representing different tumor subpopulations, together with immune cells and healthy tissues. We could potentially simulate how an entire tumor responds to treatment, how resistant populations emerge, and how different interventions affect normal cells! This is the vision of increasingly comprehensive biological foundation models: AI systems trained on extensive molecular and experimental data that learn generalizable principles of cellular behavior. The extraordinary opportunity is that such systems could eventually discover therapeutic mechanisms that we have never considered because we lack that computational capability. They might identify previously unrecognized combinations of molecular vulnerabilities, predict how to overcome resistance, and design interventions that exploit subtle differences between malignant and healthy cells. Today's virtual-cell models are still very limited approximations of biology. But their predictive accuracy and scope will improve dramatically, and they will become powerful engines, accelerating precise therapeutic discoveries by magnitudes faster! Part 2 will be about the digital twins. To be continued.

Thrilled to be accepted to @GoogleDeepMind’s Antigravity Science Program for the next 6 months!🚀 I believe Gemini Argon is now at the frontier of AI for biomedical science & I’m building exciting new biomed apps with Antigravity! Let the next offensive against disease begin!🧬