In 850, a Christian priest named Perfectus was living in Córdoba, the capital of Muslim-ruled Spain. One day, several Muslims asked him what he thought of Muhammad. According to St. Eulogius of Córdoba, Perfectus initially refused to answer because he knew that criticizing Islam could cost him his life. But after the men promised that he could speak freely, he openly criticized Muhammad. They reported him to the authorities, and Perfectus was arrested. He was executed in Córdoba that same year. His death was one of the first in a series of Christian martyrdoms under the emirate. In his account, Perfectus declared: “I have cursed and I curse your prophet.”