
ALT Line chart titled 'About five years from grid request to a working power plant', kicker 'US power supply · time from grid request to operation'. It shows the median number of months from a request to connect to the US transmission grid to commercial operation, by the year plants came online, 2005 to 2025, with a shaded band for the middle 50% of projects. The median rises from 18 months in 2005 and 22 months in 2008 (labelled) to 63 months in 2024 and 61 months in 2025 (highlighted in terracotta, n = 294). Note: covers generation and storage plants connecting to the transmission grid in regions with dated records, 3,310 projects from 6 ISOs and 19 other balancing areas; not a measure of data-centre connection times. Source: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Queued Up: 2026 Edition (June 2026), data file through 2025.

ALT Chart titled 'Most of Nscale’s $103bn backlog is not yet running', from Nscale’s IPO prospectus. Total contract value (TCV) under take-or-pay contracts, active versus contracted but not yet active: 31 Dec 2025, $38.0bn total, of which $0.5bn active; 31 Aug 2026, $103.4bn total, of which $2.6bn (2.5%) active. Below, the largest contract: Anthropic, up to $44.6bn, about 43% of total TCV, signed 25 Aug 2026, shown on a four-step status rail: Contracted (done: four agreements, four GPU tranches, Monarch campus, West Virginia); Financed (open: no binding financing commitments as of the prospectus); Delivered (pending: a tranche can be terminated if its delivery is late); Operating (pending: initial 2 GW campus power expected by H1 2028). Source: Nscale Ltd Form S-1, SEC EDGAR, filed 18 Sep 2026; the 43% is a Mana calculation.
