Environmental Microbiologist. Laboratory for Environmental Pathogen Research. University of Toledo.
Toledo, Ohio
Joined July 2023
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Dr. Von Sigler, a professor of environmental biology, and Garrett Moots, a doctoral student studying ecology and organismal biology, discuss their findings that toxins from harmful algal blooms are present in the sand nearest to the water. @UToledo
youtu.be/q2M4j6Q8M2k
ALT Dr. Von Sigler, a professor of environmental biology, and Garrett Moots, a doctoral student studying ecology and organismal biology
You’ll notice “Student’s” is always capitalized and possessive because it’s a proper name, not an adjective. William Sealy Gosset invented the test while working as a Guinness brewer in Dublin, needing a reliable way to compare yield/grain output across barley varieties. He published the 1908 paper under the pseudonym “Student” because company rules forbade him from using his real name. The name stuck, and we still say Student’s t-test instead of Gosset’s to this day. Yes, the most widely used statistical test in all of science was created to perfect beer.
The Student's t-test is a crucial statistical method used to determine if there are significant differences between the means of two groups. It is widely applied in various fields to analyze small data sets, providing valuable insights when used correctly.
✔️ Reliable Results: When properly applied, the Student's t-test can offer reliable insights into differences between groups, helping to drive informed decisions.
✔️ Versatility: It works well with small sample sizes, making it a versatile tool in research and industry.
✔️ Simplicity: The t-test is easy to understand and implement, even for those new to statistical analysis.
❌ Misinterpretation: Misuse or misunderstanding of the t-test can lead to incorrect conclusions, undermining the validity of the analysis.
❌ Assumptions: The test assumes normality and equal variances, which may not always hold true, leading to inaccurate results.
❌ Sample Size Limitation: While useful for small samples, it may not perform well with more complex data sets.
🔹 R: Use the t.test() function from the base package, which handles both one-sample and two-sample t-tests efficiently.
🔹 Python: The scipy.stats.ttest_ind() function from the SciPy library is a reliable choice for performing t-tests on independent samples.
The visualization demonstrates two key concepts: on the left, it shows how a one-sample t-test compares the mean of a random sample against a larger population. On the right, it illustrates how a two-sample t-test compares the means of two distinct sample groups. This visualization is based on the images of this Wikipedia article: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studen…
For those interested in diving deeper into statistical methods like the t-test, check out my online course on Statistical Methods in R. Learn more: statisticsglobe.com/online-c…
#pythonlearning #database #datastructure #statisticsclass #Python #RStats
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
The Standard Error measures how much a sample statistic, like the mean, is expected to vary from the true population parameter. It helps us understand the precision of our estimates and how much confidence we can place in our results.
Why is Standard Error Important?
✔️ Precision in Estimates: The smaller the standard error, the more precise the estimate of the population parameter. This means we can be more confident that our sample mean is close to the true population mean.
✔️ Guides Sample Size: Standard error decreases as sample size increases, showing that larger samples give more reliable results. This is crucial for designing studies that provide meaningful insights.
The visualization of this post demonstrates how the standard error changes with different sample sizes. As sample sizes increase, the spread of sample means becomes narrower, reflecting a smaller standard error and more precise estimates. This visual is a great reminder of why larger samples are generally better in statistical analysis.
Standard Error vs. Standard Deviation: What’s the Difference?
The difference between Standard Error and Standard Deviation is often misunderstood. The Standard Deviation measures the variability of individual data points around the mean within a single sample, indicating how spread out the data is. On the other hand, the Standard Error measures how much the sample mean is expected to vary from the true population mean across different samples, focusing on the precision of the sample mean as an estimator of the population mean.
For a deeper dive into statistical methods and concepts like standard error, check out my online course on Statistical Methods in R. This course covers these topics in detail and much more.
Learn more: statisticsglobe.com/online-c…
#DataAnalytics #R #RStats #Data #Python
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
Campus lately 🍁
ALT Person holding an orange leaf in front of the TOL EDO sign on Health Science Campus.
ALT Trees with orange and yellow leaves and leaves on the ground on Health Science Campus.
ALT Tree with orange and yellow leaves on Health Science Campus.
ALT Tree with orange and yellow leaves on Health Science Campus.
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
Enfaite le monde est mort, y a plus de vie dans rien maintenant ça sort un truc comme ça on aura des TESLA carrées sans âme qui ressemblent à un open Space d’une boîte minable où 75% des salariés veulent mettre fin à leurs jours
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
nobody is prepared for how fast climate collapse is going to accelerate in the next 10 years.
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
It wasn't the sexual assault allegations.
It wasn't the coup attempt on January 6th.
It wasn't the racism.
It wasn't the transphobia.
It was the price of gas and groceries. As great as last night was, the sad reality is that Americans didn't care until it affected their wallets
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
Elon leaving cali because it was too woke just for Texas to become Cali 2.0😭
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
you voted, great
are you masking?
are you in ICE watch group chats?
are you at town hall + parent/teacher meetings?
have you fed anyone unhoused?
did you stop paying that company?
have you confronted family?
do you want a better world or just better liars?
stay focused
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
There needs to be a COMPLETE reinstatement of every epidemiologist who was fired from the CDC, the reinstatement of the Epidemic Intelligence Service Team, the re-establishment of the U.S.’s relationship with the WHO, and a PUBLIC APOLOGY for pausing all COVID/FLU/RSV test tracking.
Garrett Moots, M.Sc. retweeted
Just… don’t Obama this. Undo the harm, prosecute their crimes, and change people’s lives
This was the most important race for NW Ohio, and the University of Toledo in particular. Nobody advocates for us more than Kaptur. She was instrumental in lobbying congress to free up funds for Ohio Seagrant, which is who ultimately funded my masters research.
